Microservices and its Architecture pattern-short note

🟢 Microservices architecture is a software design approach where an application is composed of small, independent services that are focused on specific business capabilities. Each service is responsible for a single task or functionality and communicates with other services through well-defined APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).
This architecture pattern aims to break down complex applications into smaller, more manageable components that can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.
Design patterns play a crucial role in microservices architecture as they provide reusable solutions to common design problems. Here are some design patterns commonly used in microservices architecture:

🟢 Service Communication:
🔸Microservices communicate with each other using lightweight protocols like HTTP or messaging queues. Design patterns like the API Gateway pattern can be used to provide a single entry point for clients to interact with the microservices.

🟢Service Registry:
🔸Used for service discovery in a distributed system.
🔸 Services register themselves with a service registry, which allows other services to discover and communicate with them dynamically.

🟢 API Gateway: Acts as a single entry point for clients to access various microservices. It provides routing, authentication, rate limiting, and other cross-cutting concerns, simplifying the client interface and improving security.

🟢Circuit Breaker: Prevents cascading failures in a distributed system. It monitors the health of downstream services and opens the circuit if a service fails repeatedly, redirecting requests to alternative services or returning an error response.

🟢Saga Pattern:
Manages distributed transactions across multiple services. It breaks down a transaction into a series of smaller, independent steps (or sagas) that can be executed atomically, ensuring consistency and fault tolerance.

🟢Event Sourcing: Stores the state of a system as a sequence of immutable events. Each event represents a change in the system's state and can be replayed to rebuild the current state or analyze past behavior.

🟢Command Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS): Separates the read and write operations of a system. It uses different models for reading and writing data, allowing for optimized performance, scalability, and flexibility.

🟢Bulkhead Pattern: Isolates components of a system to prevent failures in one component from affecting others. It partitions resources such as threads, connections, or memory to limit the impact of failures and improve overall resilience.

🟢Saga Choreography: Similar to the Saga pattern but relies on events for coordination between services. Each service reacts to events emitted by other services, orchestrating the overall business process without relying on a central coordinator.
🟢Polyglot Persistence: Allows using multiple data storage technologies within a microservices architecture. Each service can choose the most suitable database or data store based on its requirements, optimizing performance, scalability, and maintainability.

These design patterns help address various challenges encountered when designing, implementing, and operating microservices-based systems, promoting modularity, scalability, resilience, and maintainability.